Graphic design is a broad field of visual communication and can be used to create anything from logos and websites, to packaging and advertising campaigns. There are many different techniques used in graphic design, such as lithography and serigraphy. These two processes are often referred to as subcategories of graphic design, but what exactly are they?
Lithography is a printing process that uses a planographic image plate to transfer ink onto a substrate such as paper or fabric. It was invented in 1796 by Alois Senefelder, who was looking for an easier way to produce multiple copies of his writings. Lithography works by using chemical reactions that repel water and attract oil-based ink.
The image is drawn onto the stone with a greasy material, then the stone is doused with water which beads up on the greasy areas. After that, an oil-based ink is applied which adheres only to the greasy areas of the stone. Once the image has been printed onto the substrate it can be further manipulated with letterpress or other printing techniques.
Serigraphy, or screen printing, is also used in graphic design as well as other forms of art. This process utilizes a mesh screen made from silk or synthetic fiber stretched over a frame and secured with glue or clamps.
The artist then uses an emulsion solution to coat the screen with a light-sensitive film which hardens when exposed to UV light. Then they use a stencil to block out certain areas of the screen before applying ink through it with a squeegee tool on top of any kind of substrate including paper, fabric, glass, wood etc. Serigraphy offers more control over color blending than traditional lithography allowing for more vibrant colors and textures than traditional methods offer.
Both lithography and serigraphy require specialized knowledge and equipment; however they both offer unique benefits when used in graphic design projects such as business cards, posters or T-shirts. Lithography provides sharp lines and crisp images while serigraphy offers vibrant colors and interesting textures not achievable through other processes.
Overall, both lithography and serigraphy are subcategories of graphic design because they both utilize specialized printing techniques for creating visual communication pieces such as logos, posters or T-shirts for commercial purposes. While each technique has its own unique advantages for creating artwork it’s important for designers to understand how each one works so that they can choose which one best suits their project needs.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, lithography and serigraphy are both subcategories of graphic design due to their use in creating visual communication pieces such as logos or advertising campaigns. Each technique offers its own unique benefits depending on the project needs; however both require specialized knowledge and equipment.