Hermes, the Greek god of commerce, was one of the twelve Olympian gods. He was also known as the god of travelers, messengers, and thieves. His name is derived from the Greek word herma, which refers to a stone pillar topped with a head and carved with male genitals that were often found at crossroads in ancient Greece.
Hermes was revered and celebrated by many Greeks for his role as a messenger between the gods and mortals. He was also believed to be the patron of athletes, merchants, and traders.
One of the most significant celebrations dedicated to Hermes was the Hermaea festival. This festival was celebrated every four years in various parts of Greece, including Athens and Olympia. The Hermaea festival consisted of athletic contests that included foot races, wrestling matches, boxing matches, and equestrian events.
During this festival, participants would offer sacrifices to Hermes in hopes of gaining his favor in their athletic endeavors or business ventures. The sacrifices typically included animals such as goats or sheep.
Apart from the Hermaea festival, Hermes was also honored during other festivals throughout Greece. One such festival was the Anthesteria festival celebrated in Athens during February or March. This festival involved drinking wine and performing rituals dedicated to Dionysus and other gods.
During this festival, people would carry statues of Hermes around their homes while singing songs dedicated to him. They believed that doing so would bring good luck to their households.
Another way people celebrated Hermes was through offerings made at his temples. Many Greeks believed that offering gifts such as food or small statues to Hermes would grant them safe travels or successful business ventures.
In conclusion, Hermes played a significant role in ancient Greek society as the god of commerce and travel. His influence extended beyond just these areas as he was also revered as a messenger between gods and mortals.
People celebrated him through various festivals like Hermaea and Anthesteria while also making offerings at his temples. These celebrations and offerings were meant to gain his favor in their endeavors, whether it be athletic or commercial.